Halloysite

halloysite

montmorillonite

saponite

nontronite

Images

Formula: Al2Si2O5(OH)4.2H2O
Phyllosilicate (sheet silicate), kaolinite-serpentine group, paramorph of dickite, kaolinite and nacrite
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Specific gravity: 2 to 2.65 measured, 2.14 calculated
Hardness: 1 to 2
Streak: Paler than the color, or white.
Colour: White to tan, sometimes greenish or bluish, also chocolate brown to reddish.
Common impurities: Ti,Ca,Na,K,Fe,Cr,Mg,Ni,Cu
Environments:

Plutonic igneous environments
Volcanic igneous environments
Pegmatites rarely
Hot spring deposits

Halloysite is a product of hydrothermal alteration or surface weathering of aluminosilicate minerals such as feldspar (Webmin). Ongoing formation is observed at hot springs (Dana). It is found as an alteration of basaltic rocks or in hydrothermally altered fissures in monzonite. It also may be derived from chlorite, mica, rhyolite, granite, volcanic ash, tuff and volcanic glass. It is found rarely in granite pegmatites and bauxite and clay. Commonly associated with kaolinite, muscovite variety illite, minerals of the smectite group (which includes montmorillonite, saponite and nontronite) and allophane (Dana).

Localities

Originally reported from Angleur, Liège, Liège Province, Belgium.

Alteration

Halloysite easily weathers to kaolinite, but can also be derived from it. It is sometimes associated with allophane and may be derived from it.

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