Alunite

alunite

halloysite

jarosite

variscite

Images

Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Anhydrous sulphate containing hydroxyl, alunite group, forms a series with jarosite
Crystal System: Trigonal
Specific gravity: 2.6 to 2.9 measured, 2.82 calculated
Hardness: 3½ to 4
Streak: White
Colour: White, pale shades of gray, yellow, red, to reddish brown
Solubility: Insoluble in water.
Common impurities: Na,Fe
Environments:

Sedimentary environments
Hydrothermal environments

Alunite is formed between 15oC and 400oC by the action of sulphate, which may be generated from pyrite or volcanic activity characterised by the emission gases and vapors, on aluminous rocks. Associated minerals include kaolinite, halloysite, diaspore, pyrite, gypsum and quartz (HOM Mindat).

Localities

In the Mount Isa region of northwest Queensland, Australia, minerals of the alunite-jarosite family occur in gossans (iron-bearing weathered products overlying sulphide deposits, formed by the oxidation of sulphides and the leaching-out of the sulphur and most metals, leaving hydrated iron oxides and rarely sulphates) (Mindat) related to lead-zinc mineralisation (AM72.178-187).

At the Mount Deverell variscite deposit, Milgun Station, Western Australia, alunite occurs in thin veins and coatings on fracture surfaces; It also forms pseudomorphs of pyrite in variscite. The variscite deposits are hosted by marine sedimentary rocks (AJM 20.2.24).

At Grainsgill, Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England, UK, alunite occurs as powdery coatings with jarosite on quartz (C&S).

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