Metastibnite

metastibnite

cinnabar

stibnite

Images

Formula: Sb2S3
Valence: Sb3+2S2-3
Simple sulphide of antimony, amorphous paramorph of orthorhombic stibnite
Crystal system: Amorphous
Hardness: 2 to 3
Streak: Red
Colour: Red, reddish brown, purplish, intense red internal reflections
Environments

Hydrothermal environments
Fumeroles

Localities

At the Alacrán Mine, Alacrán, Pampa Larga mining district, Tierra Amarilla, Copiapó Province, Atacama, Chile, metastibnite occurs as an oxidation product of stibnite. It was found as a reddish-brown powdery coating on stibnite in a specimen from the dumps of the mine. The coating occurs in fractures in bladed stibnite aggregates, associated with minor, massive cinnabar in a baryte gangue.
It may be noted that stibnite, a major constituent of the Alacrán veins, here coexists with realgar, orpiment and native arsenic, and contains up to 0.6 weight per cent As in the earliest vein assemblages, while the later-formed stibnite, such as that associated with the metastibnite, is essentially arsenic-free (AM 55.2104-2106).

At the Big Geyser property, The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA, bulldozing operations through a bank of siliceous sinter revealed rocks stained red by what was thought to be cinnabar, but subsequently found to be metastibnite. The red material occurs as coatings in cracks in siliceous sinter but nowhere is observed to form a complete vein.
The conditions necessary for the formation of metastibnite are not clear. Metastibnite at Mina Alacrán has been attributed to oxidation from stibnite, but the metastibnite found at The Geysers and at Steamboat Springs may be primary. The data suggest that a gas phase, probably H2S, is involved in the formation of primary metastibnite. This explanation would also account for its occurring as coatings in cracks but not as complete veins (AM 55.2103-2104).

At the type locality, Steamboat Hot Springs, Steamboat Springs Mining District, Washoe County, Nevada, USA, metastibnite occurs as stains, mammilary and powdery coatings, and impregnations of siliceous sinter. It is of primary hydrothermal origin around fumarolic centres, associated with cinnabar (Mindat).
Metastibnite from Steamboat Hot Springs - Image

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