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Formula: (Mn,Fe,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2.nH2O
Simple oxide, manganese-bearing mineral
Specific gravity: 2.9 to 3.0 measured
Hardness: 2
Streak: Chocolate-brown, black
Colour: Black
Environments
Vernadite is a weathering product of other manganese oxides,
carbonates and silicates, easily formed by the action of iron- and
manganese- oxidising bacteria. Associated minerals include
todorokite, pyrolusite,
romanèchite, cryptomelane,
manganite and ferrihydrite
(HOM). Vernadite also forms as an oxidation product of
todorokite, which it replaces
pseudomorphously
(AM 64.1334).
Localities
The type locality is the Kusimovskoye Mn deposit, Bashkortostan, Russia
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