Manganese

manganese

hausmannite

ramsdellite

tephroite

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Manganese Mn is an element that occurs rarely in the native state.

Specific gravity: 7.01 calculated
Hardness: 6½
Streak: Dark grey
Colour: Steel-grey
Melting point: 1250oC
Environments

Placer deposits

Manganese has not been approved as a mineral species by the IMA.
It tarnishes on exposure to air and, when heated, oxidises to hausmannite (ChC).
The most stable oxidation state is Mn2+, which is a pale pink color in aqueous solutions. Also important is Mn4+, brown/black, which is found in ramsdellite, and Mn7+ found in the purple permanganate anion (Mn7+O4)1–. The Mn6+ oxidation state is green (ChC).
The abundance in the Earth's crust is 0.1% by weight, 360 parts per million by moles (ChC).


Localities

The first recorded locality was in unnamed placers, at Aldan, Sakha Republic, Russia. Manganese occurred as angular grains up to 0.8mm, in platinum group mineral-gold placers derived from serpentinised ultramafic rocks (olivine - orthoclase picrite) in a matrix of tephroite, spessartine, chromium-rich hausmannite and an unnamed manganese carbide, and associated with tephroite, spessartine, orthoclase, olivine and gold (AM88.933, Mindat).

Manganese-bearing minerals include:

Sulphides

alabandite
hauerite

Sulphosalts

benavidesite
luboržákite
ramdohrite
uchucchacuaite

Oxides

birnessite
bixbyite-(Mn)
braunite
chalcophanite
columbite-(Mn)
coronadite
crednerite
crichtonite
cryptomelane
filipstadite
galaxite
garpenbergite
gerasimovskite
groutite
hausmannite
hetaerolite
hollandite
hübnerite
jacobsite
kuranakhite
lindqvistite
lithiophorite
manganbelyankinite
manganosite
marokite
nsutite
plumboferrite
pyrolusite
pyrophanite
ramsdellite
ranciéite
romanèchite
senaite
tantalite-(Mn)
todorokite
tululite
wodginite
woodruffite

Hydroxides

asbolane
pyrochroite
tetrawickmanite
wickmanite

Carbonates

kutnohorite
rhodochrosite

Borates

fredrikssonite
gaudefroyite
jimboite
sussexite
wiserite

Sulphates

saccoite
shigaite
apjohnite

Tellurites
Salts of tellurous acid H2Te4+O3

spiroffite

Phosphates

alluaudite
bermanite
beusite
bjarebyite
earlshannonite
eosphorite
faheyite
fairfieldite
fanfaniite
fillowite
frondelite
gatehouseite
hagendorfite
hureaulite
jahnsite-(CaMnMg)
jahnsite-(CaMnMn)
jahnsite-(MnMnFe)
jahnsite-(MnMnMg)
jahnsite-(NaMnMg)
kayrobertsonite
kenngottite
kryzhanovskite
landesite
laueite
lehnerite
lithiophilite
lun'okite
manganflurlite
mangangordonite
manganoarrojadite-(KNa)
mengeite
metaswitzerite
niahite
perloffite
pseudolaueite
purpurite
reddingite
robertsite
roscherite
ruifrancoite
samuelsonite
schoonerite
seamanite
sicklerite
stewartite
strunzite
switzerite
triplite
triploidite
varulite
väyrynenite
waterhouseite
whiteite
wicksite
wyllieite
zodacite

Arsenates

aldomarinoite
allactite
arsenoclasite
brandtite
carlfrancisite
caryinite
chlorophoenicite
eveite
flinkite
fluckite
grischunite
hematolite
holdenite
jarosewichite
kolicite
kraisslite
lombardoite
manganberzeliite
monteneroite
parabrandtite
retzian
sarkinite
sterlinghillite
synadelphite
villyaellenite

Vanadates

ansermetite
brackebuschite
fianelite
medvedevite
palenzonaite
pyrobelonite

Antimonates

katoptrite
långbanite
manganostibite

Arsenites

dixenite
magnussonite

Nesosilicates

alleghanyite
calderite
glaucochroite
henritermierite
hodgkinsonite
jerrygibbsite
leucophoenicite
manganhumite
mozartite
sonolite
spessartine
tephroite

Sorosilicates

amamoorite
axinite-(Mn)
barysilite
hejtmanite
hennomartinite
hubeite
janhaugite
kentrolite
lavenite
macfallite
manganvesuvianite
medaite
orientite
perrierite-(La)
piemontite
pumpellyite-(Mn2+)
ruizite
samfowlerite
strontioruizite
taniajacoite
tinzenite
tiragalloite
tweddillite

Inosilicates

bustamite
carpholite
gageite
hjalmarite
inesite
johannsenite
kupletskite
laverovite
manaksite
manganbabingtonite
mangano-ferri-eckermannite
manganoneptunite
manganoneptunite
marsturite
potassic-mangani-leakeite
pyroxmangite
rhodonite
saneroite
santaclaraite
serandite
schizolite

Phyllosilicates

badakhshanite-(Y)
caryopilite
eggletonite
friedelite
ganophyllite
gonyerite
kellyite
lipuite
nelenite
neotocite
norrishite
orlymanite
parsettensite
pyrosmalite-(Mn)
schallerite
yofortierite

Cyclosilicates

ikranite
labuntsovite-Mn
roeblingite
steenstrupine-(Ce)
tienshanite

Borosilicates

princivalleite

Tectosilicate

helvine
verplanckite

Unclassified silicates

bementite
perrierite-(La)

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