Riotintoite

riotintoite

vendidaite

eriochalcite

belloite

Images

Formula: Al(SO4)(OH).3H2O
Hydrated sulphate
Crystal System: Triclinic
Specific gravity: 2.13 measured, 2.129 calculated for the empirical formula
Hardness: 2½
Streak: White
Colour: Colourless
Environments

Volcanic igneous environments
Hydrothermal environments

Riotintoite is a relatively new mineral, approved in 2015 and to date (October 2025) reported only from the type locality

Localities

At the type locality, La Vendida Mine, Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta, Chile, several specimens of riotintoite have been collected. In all cases, it occurs in association with vendidaite. Other associated minerals are intermediate members of the aubertitemagnesioaubertite solid-solution series, belloite, eriochalcite, alunite, kaolinite and halloysite. Riotintoite, vendidaite and belloite (formed as a product of alteration of eriochalcite) are the latest minerals in this association.
Sulphate minerals (mainly alunite and jarosite) are abundant in the quarry. Associations of copper sulphates and chlorides (like those bearing riotintoite and vendidaite) are located in small areas from 1 to 5 m across where secondary minerals occur in thin fissures. The host rocks (dacitic - andesitic volcanic breccias) are strongly altered. Riotintoite forms colourless transparent tabular crystals with a vitreous lustre, up to 0.1 x 0.4 x 0.4 mm3 in size and with three good cleavages. Crystals occur lining cavities and are intergrown in veins up to several mm thick and two or more cm in extent, along with massive accumulations of secondary sulphate, chloride and clay minerals.
It is suggested that the source of aluminum for the formation of riotintoite, as well as associated vendidaite and clay minerals, was feldspar alteration; grains of feldspar in the host rocks are strongly altered, which could be partly the result of its exposure to sulphuric acid formed during the oxidation of primary sulphide minerals. Strongly altered magmatic rocks containing aggregates of secondary sulphate minerals (kröhnkite, tamarugite, jarosite, aubertite, etc), as well as clay minerals, are exposed in different parts of the quarry, but the riotintoite- and vendidaite- bearing mineral association has been found within only a small area. (CM 54.5.1293-1305).
Riotintoite from La Vendida Mine - Image

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