Babingtonite

babingtonite

inosilicate

rhodonite

hedenbergite

Images

Formula: Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH)
Inosilicate (chain silicate), rhodonite group
Forms a series with manganbabingtonite, and hedenbergite is an epitaxial mineral (Mindat).
Crystal System: Triclinic
Specific gravity: 3.34 to 3.37
Hardness: 5½ to 6
Streak: Brown
Colour: Dark greenish-black
Solubility: Insoluble in acids
Common impurities: Ti,Al,Mg,Na
Environments:

Plutonic Igneous environments
Volcanic Igneous environments
Pegmatites
Metamorphic environments
Hydrothermal environments
Basaltic cavities

Babingtonite is characteristically a low temperature hydrothermal mineral (AM17.295-303). It occurs in veins cutting granite pegmatite and diorite, in cavities and vugs in mafic volcanic rocks and gneiss and in skarn. Associated minerals include prehnite, calcite, epidote, albite, orthoclase, garnet, quartz, hornblende and zeolites (HOM).

Localities

The Two Mile and Three Mile deposits, Paddy's River, Paddys River District, Australian Capital Territory, Australia, are skarn deposits at the contact between granodiorite and volcanic rocks. Babingtonite is a primary silicate that was found as two black, twinned crystals in a piece of altered laumontite-bearing dacite near the Two Mile deposit (AJM 22.1.33).

At the Babingtonite occurrences, Qiaojia County, Zhaotong, Yunnan, China, babingtonite occurs as well formed vitreous black crystals up to 1.7cm long, striated lengthwise, on pale green prehnite (AESS).
Babingtonite from Qiaojia County - Image from Fabre Minerals

At Nassau, Germany, babingtonite occurs in contact medium grained mafic intrusive rocks and slate associated with ilvaite, beudantite, chalcedony variety jasper and calcite (AM 17.295-303).

At the Malad quarry, Mumbai District, Maharashtra, India, babingtonite occurs in basalt, in cavities in which laumontite and prehnite casts after laumontite occur. The babingtonite formed at about 200oC and 500 kbar, after calcite and before quartz and prehnite. Pyrite is a common associate, but babingtonite has not been found here in association with ilvaite, julgoldite, pumpellyite or hematite, although these minerals occur here (MinRec 34.1.36).
Babingtonite from the Malad Quarry - Image

At Baveno, Novara, Italy, babingtonite is found in granite pegmatite associated with microcline, albite, quartz, epidote, tourmaline, zeolites, calcite and hematite (AM 17.295-303).
Babingtonite from Baveno - Image

At the Yakubi mine, Japan, babingtonite occurs at the contact of granodiorite with slate and limestone, associated with hedenbergite, garnet, magnetite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, quartz and calcite (AM 17.295-303).

At the type locality, the Arendal Iron Mines, Arendal, Norway, babingtonite was found occupying solution cavities in large microcline crystals. These cavities appear once to have been filled with albite. (AM 8.215-223). The host rock is a contact iron skarn, and associated minerals are hornblende, garnet, epidote, albite variety oligoclase, albite and calcite (AM 17.295-303).
Babingtonite from Arendal - Image

At Athol, Massachusetts, USA, babingtonite occurs in veins in chlorite gneiss associated with epidote, prehnite and pyrite (AM 17.295-303).

At Buckland, Massachusetts, USA, babingtonite occurs in veins in gneiss associated with epidote, natrolite, chabazite, quartz and calcite (AM 17.295-303).

At Deerfield, Massachusetts, USA, babingtonite occurs in veins in medium grained mafic intrusive rocks associated with prehnite, chlorite, calcite and datolite (AM 17.295-303).
Babingtonite from Deerfield - Image

At Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA, babingtonite occurs in veins in medium grained mafic intrusive rocks associated with prehnite, quartz, calcite, datolite, chabazite, natrolite and pyrite (AM 17.295-303).
Babingtonite from Holyoke - Image

At Somerville, Massachusetts, USA, babingtonite occurs in veins in medium grained mafic intrusive rocks associated with prehnite, quartz, epidote, chlorite, pyrite, chabazite and calcite (AM 17.295-303).
Babingtonite from Somerville - Image

At Uxbridge, Massachusetts, USA, babingtonite occurs in granite pegmatite associated with microcline, K-feldspar variety adularia, epidote, biotite, hornblende, quartz, heulandite and pyrite (AM 17.295-303).

At the Winchester Highlands, Massachusetts, USA, babingtonite occurs in veins in diorite and granite pegmatite associated with prehnite, epidote, albite, quartz, hornblende, zeolites and calcite (AM 17.295-303).
Babingtonite from Winchester - Image

The Cliff Mine, Phoenix, Keweenaw county, Michigan, USA, is situated at the base of a roughly 70-metre basalt cliff. A curious feature of the impressive thickness of the greenstone flow here is that it contains zones of “pegmatoid”: areas where slow cooling in the core of the lava flow allowed for large feldspar crystals exceeding 1 cm to grow. Such features are normally only observed in intrusive igneous rocks and are almost unheard of in basalt flows.
The Cliff mine primarily exploited rich copper mineralisation in the Cliff fissure (vein). Although mineralised with copper to some extent along its entire length, the part of the vein just below the greenstone flow carried the richest copper mineralisation by far. A significant amount of the copper recovered at the Cliff mine came from amygdaloids in the tops of 13 basalt flows which were cut by the Cliff vein. The discovery and mining of this vein proved that the veins were the source of the large masses of float copper that were already well known, and proved that the primary ore mineral in the district was native copper, not sulphides, as had been suspected earlier.
Babingtonite is rare at the Cliff mine, and occurs as black crystals to 5 mm in open vugs in prehnite. Babingtonite from the Cliff mine is typically highly lustrous (MinRec 54.1.25-49).

At the Phoenix Mine, Phoenix, Keweenaw county, Michigan, USA, mineralisation occurs primarily in hydrothermal veins cutting pre-existing Portage Lake basalts as well as in amygdules in the Ashbed basalt flow, and the vast majority of collectible minerals occur in the hydrothermal veins.
In 2005, some beautiful, lustrous black microcrystals of babingtonite to several millimeters were collected from the dumps of the Babbitt mine, a small prospect on the Phoenix mine property (MinRec 54.1.130).

At Paterson, New Jersey, USA, babingtonite occurs in cavities in amygdaloidal medium grained mafic intrusive rocks, associated with prehnite, quartz, calcite, datolite and zeolites (AM 17.295-303).
Babingtonite from Paterson - Image

At Loudoun county, Virginia, USA, babingtonite has been found in several localities.
At the Arlington quarry babingtonite has been found as tiny splendent, black, wedge-shaped crystals in a small pocket of byssolite.
Occurrences of babingtonite have been reported from the Luck Bull Run Plant as 0.5-mm black, opaque crystals on prehnite.
Clusters to 4 mm of lustrous black babingtonite crystals to about 2 mm on matrix have been collected in the Luck Leesburg Plant. Babingtonite microcrystals on calcite also have been found here (R&M 98.2.124).
Babingtonite from Loudoun County - Image

Back to Minerals