Corderoite

corderoite

cinnabar

kleinite

kenhsuite

Images

Formula: Hg3S2Cl2
Chloride, paramorph of kenhsuite and lavrentievite, mercury-bearing mineral
Crystal System: Isometric
Specific gravity: 6.845 calculated
Hardness: 3
Colour: Light orange-pink, but becomes light grey to black on prolonged exposure to light
Environments

Volcanic igneous environments
Hydrothermal environments

Localities

At the Arzak Hg occurrence, Uyuk Range, Pi-Khem District, Tuva, Russia, corderoite occurs in the oxidised hydrothermal deposit asssociated with cinnabar, calomel, eglestonite, arzakite, lavrentievite, kuznetsovite, mercury, quartz and kaolinite (HOM).

At the Mariquita Mine (Sultana Mine), Usagre, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain, remarkable corderoite specimens have been found which may be one of the best occurrences in the world. the corderoite occurs as colourless, whitish, or yellow dodecahedral crystals to 2 mm in size, usually isolated, with smooth faces lacking the striations typical of the more common eglestonite. It also has been found as poorly defined, whitish to yellow or orange crystals in clusters reaching 5 mm, on quartz or cinnabar.
Corderoite is an early alteration product of cinnabar in chloride-enriched brines, formed possibly under acidic and mildly oxidising conditions. The more abundant presence of corderoite and calomel with respect to mercury is an indicator of the high concentration of chlorine in the brines during the alteration of primary cinnabar.
Corderoite darkens quickly when exposed to sunlight, changing colour from white or yellow to orange, then reverting to yellow in darkness. A longer exposure results in the formation of elemental mercury, irreversibly changing the colour to grey (MinRec 55.4.496-497).
Corderoite from the Mariquita Mine - Image

At the type locality, the McDermitt mine, Opalite Mining District, Humboldt County, Nevada, USA, corderoite, with or without cinnabar, occurs predominantly in playa sediments. The lake sediments consist of clays (altered tuff and ash) with lesser amounts of agglomerate and small lenses of chalcedony. The associated ore zone minerals are mainly pale green to buff-coloured montmorillonite, alpha quartz, cristobalite, K-feldspar and plagioclase feldspar.
Corderoite occurs in this zone as separate masses or as replacements and rims for cinnabar, other associated minerals include kleinite, kenhsuite, radtkeite, montmorillonite, quartz, cristobalite, orthoclase and plagioclase. Corderoite and cinnabar also occur within hydrothermally altered rhyolitic breccia in the main Cordero mine and nearby underground workings and surface pits.
The relative ease with which corderoite is formed under acid conditions, the presence of chlorine ions as a common constituent of hot spring or groundwaters, and the relationships observed in the field suggest that corderoite is a low temperature supergene mineral (AM 59.652-655, HOM).
Corderoite from the McDermitt Mine - Image

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