Chrysocolla

chrysocolla

malachite

azurite

cuprite

Images

Formula: (Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4.nH2O
Phyllosilicate (sheet silicate)
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Specific gravity: 1.93 to 2.4 measured
Hardness: 2 to 4
Streak: Greenish white
Colour: Light blue, blue, greenish blue
Solubility: Slightly soluble in hydrochloric, sulphuric and nitric acid. Insoluble in water.
Environments:

Hydrothermal environments

Chrysocolla is a secondary mineral that forms in the oxidation zone of all types of hydrothermal deposits, often encrusting or replacing earlier secondary minerals. It is associated with malachite, azurite, cuprite and native copper.

Localities

At the Mount Kelly deposit, Gunpowder District, Queensland, Australia, the copper ores overlie primary zone mineralisation consisting of quartz-dolomite-sulphide veins hosted in siltstone and schist. Chrysocolla is common throughout the oxide zone associated with malachite, and also coating siderite; late-stage chrysocolla has also been observed with chalcotrichite fibres growing from it (AJM 22.1.21).

At the Whim Creek copper mine, Roebourne Shire, Western Australia, a chrysocolla pseudomorph after malachite after azurite has been found with wulfenite. This is a double pseudomorph showing a change of chemistry twice over to end up with a complete chrysocolla replacement of the original azurite, with malachite as a transitional stage (KL p244).

At Zhaojue copper mine, Sikai, Zhaojue County, Liangshan Yi, Sichuan, China, indifferent specimens of chrysocolla have been found (AESS).
Chrysocolla from Zhaojue - Image

At the Dongchuan Cu ore field, Dongchuan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China, fine specimens of botryoidal chrysocolla on malachite have been found (AESS)
Chrysocolla from Dongchuan - Image

At Westernhope Old Mine, Stanhope, County Durham, England, UK, coatings of chrysocolla on quartz-ankerite matrix have been found on the spoil heaps (JRS 7(1).9).

At Dale Head Mine, Newlands Valley, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK, a specimen has been found featuring a bright turquoise skin of chrysocolla over a matrix with other earthy secondaries (AESS).
Chrysocolla from the Dale Head Mine - Image

At Driggith Mine, Caldbeck, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK, a specimen has been found with with patches of blue-green chrysocolla and gold-coloured specks that could be pyrite or chalcopyrite (AESS).
Chrysocolla from the Driggith Mine - Image

At Higher Roughton Gill, Caldbeck, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK, chrysocolla is common at the vein exposures as botryoidal crusts with pyromorphite, hemimorphite or hydrocerussite and as thick blue to green vein infillings, coloured by included malachite. Chrysocolla commonly replaces and encrusts malachite (JRS 11.11).
Chrysocolla from Roughton Gill - Image

At Red Gill Mine, Roughton Gill, Caldbeck, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK, pseudomorphs of chrysocolla after malachite and after linarite have been observed (JRS 11.35).

At the 79 mine, Pinal county, Arizona, USA, pseudomorphs of chrysocolla after hemimorphite have been found (R&M 94.2.169).

At the Bagdad mine, Yavapai county, Arizona, USA, massive chrysocolla is common, and rare large pseudomorphs of chrysocolla after azurite have been found in the oxide zone, also equally rare chrysocolla after malachite after azurite (R&M 94.2.164).

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